This could be a manifestation a gum disease, a side effect of a. Gingival hyperplasia symptoms of hyperplasia, treatment. Pregnancy induced gingival enlargementa case report. The term gingival overgrowth will be used for the remainder of this chapter. Gingival hyperplasia is a disease in which the gum tissues overgrow abnormally. Learn about gingival hyperplasia from patients first hand experiences and trusted online health resources, including common treatments and medications. Gingival enlargement can be caused by a number of factors, including inflammatory conditions and the side effects of certain medications. Furthermore, causes of congenital gingival enlargement include.
Gingival overgrowth go is a frequent finding in patients treated with cyclosporine csa. It may present as a specific entity or as a part of syndrome. Essential facts about gingival hyperplasia and how to. Gingival hyperplasia for a problem that is so common, there is really not very much in the veterinary literature on this odd condition, so it seems time for me to tell you a bit about my. Gingival enlargement or overgrowth is a common disease of gingiva. This is strictly a clinical description of the condition and avoids the erroneous pathologic connotations of terms used in the past such as hypertrophic gingivitis or gingival hyperplasia. How to treat gingival hyperplasia veterinary practice news. There are several types available, which will be discussed further down but two of the most important ones are the one induced by. Treatment is not required in all cases of idiopathic gingival hyperplasia. There are several types available, which will be discussed further down but two of the most important ones are the one induced by different medication and the one. Gingival hyperplasia there can be varying amounts of pigmentation reflecting the normal pigmentation of the oral mucosa. This could be a manifestation a gum disease, a side effect of a medication or a sign of an underlying pathology. If it is drug induced gingival hyperplasia, withdrawal of offending drug or substituting the drug may effectively reduce the overgrowth of gums. Gingival fibromatosis may exist as an isolated abnormality or as part of a syndrome 6, 7.
Gingival enlargement is a common clinical feature of gingival and periodontal diseases. Medication induced oral changes neil medical group. Gingival enlargement is an increase in the size of the gingiva gums. Gingival hyperplasia related body system vision respiratory lymphatic dental hearing digestive integumentary skin endocrine cardiovascular nervous musculoskeletal. In such cases, overgrown gums may need to be surgically removed. Individualized treatment plan for gingival enlargement. Go through the following healthhearty article to get some information about the treatment, along with a brief idea of the underlying factors and identifiable symptoms. Use of the co2 laser on orthodontic patients suffering. Gingival hyperplasia treatment, symptoms, causes, pictures. Furthermore, causes of congenital gingival enlargement include hereditary and metabolic disorders, such the fetal valproate syndrome. Gingival enlargement is a common finding in clinical practice and the appropriate treatment depends on correctly diagnosing the cause of the enlargement. Sep 16, 2015 idiopathic gingival enlargement is also referred to as congenital familial fibromatosis, gingivomatosis, idiopathic fibromatosis, elephantiasis and hereditary gingival hyperplasia. Management of druginduced gingival enlargement australian. Treatment of druginduced gingival overgrowth by fullmouth.
Jan 17, 2015 gingival overgrowth, gingival hyperplasia, gingival enlargement and gingival hypertrophy are terms that are used interchangeably and incorrectly in the literature. The management of gingival hyperplasia on patient with. In clinical dentistry, patients frequently report with isolatedregional or generalized gingival enlargements, which could fall under varied presentations. Gingival hyperplasia is an enlargement or overgrowth of the gum tissue, also known as the gingiva, around the necks of the teeth. Introduction to oral diagnosis and treatment planning. Gingival enlargement induced by felodipine resolves with a. Treatment of gingival enlargement by dr harshavardhan patwal. Cowdens syndrome, fabyrs syndrome, tuberous sclerosis etc are some of the rare hereditary conditions in which gingival hyperplasia may be seen.
If it is drug induced gingival hyperplasia, withdrawal of offending drug or substituting the drug may. It is an increase in the size of the gingival tissues and thus the term overgrowth is many times used in place of the term hyperplasia. Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia ljsgh is a lesion with unique clinicopathologic features and unclear pathogenesis that was initially described as juvenile spongiotic gingivitis. Gingival hyperplasia secondary to infiltration of the gingival tissue with leukemia cells is thoroughly described in the literature. Gingival hyperplasia related body system vision respiratory lymphatic dental hearing digestive integumentary skin endocrine cardiovascular nervous musculoskeletal genitourinary blood what is. Devices which apply pressure to the gum area, preventing or inhibiting growth are sometimes.
These results are consistent with a significant role of oestrogen during primate pregnancy in the fig. One of the rarest sites of extramedullary involvement is the oral cavity, with only 5% or less. Extramedullary involvement of leukemia can occur in up to 40% of patients. Co2 laser on the treatment of gingival hyperplasia in orthodontic patients wearing.
Gingival enlargement or hypertrophy are the two other terms used to describe the condition. It is an unwanted side effect of certain systemic drugs given for nondental treatment. Spongiotic gingival hyperplasia synchronously involving. Crowns of teeth are often partially or completely covered by the hyperplastic gingiva. The management of gingival hyperplasia on patient with orthodontic treatment hasanuddin thahir mansjur nasir deprtment of periodontic department of othodontic faculty of dentistry hasanuddin university, makassar recently the orthodontic treatment needs had increased with the increased of community incomes. Mar 26, 2019 several causes of gingival hyperplasia are known, and the most recognized is druginduced gingival enlargement. Gingival hyperplasia in acute leukemia stanford medicine. It is considered as a rare lesion and represented only 0.
The causative factors may range from inflammation due to local factors to. The mainstay treatment for gingival hyperplasia depends on treating the underlying cause. The most common form of enlargement is due to plaque induced inflammation of the adjacent gingival tissues inflammatory hyperplasia and this tends to be associated most. Gingival hyperplasia, including gingival enlargement and gingival overgrowth, presents as swelling of the gingival mucosa with areas of erythema, erosions, and bleeding. Gingival hyperplasia can be simply defined as the overgrowth of the gums, medically termed as gingiva.
This is a case report of a patient with idiopathic gingival hyperplasia and an undiagnosed genetic disorder that demonstrated static encephalopathy, mental retardation, developmental delay, seizures, hypotonia, and severe gingival hypertrophy. About europe pmc funders joining europe pmc governance roadmap. Gingival hyperplasia for a problem that is so common, there is really not very much in the veterinary literature on this odd condition, so it seems time for me to tell you a bit about my understanding of gingival hyperplasia, what brings it about, why it is a concern and how we manage it. In severe form of gingival hyperplasia, surgery may be required to trim the overgrowth of gums. Pdf treatment of druginduced gingival overgrowth by fullmouth. Essential facts about gingival hyperplasia and how to manage. Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. Gingival enlargement induced by drugs springerlink.
Gingival hyperplasia, also known as gingival enlargement and gingival hypertrophy is the abnormal overgrowth of the gingiva tissues. Rapidly forming gingival hyperplasia is usually the first sign of this disease. Started in 1995, this collection now contains 6769 interlinked topic pages divided into a tree of 31 specialty books and 732 chapters. Devices which apply pressure to the gum area, preventing or inhibiting growth are sometimes used they look like night guards are sometimes used to push back the soft gum tissue and prevent it from overgrowing the teeth.
Pregnancy induced gingival enlargementa case report t. This condition is also known as gingival overgrowth, hypertrophic gingivitis or gingival hypertrophy. Surgical management of gingival overgrowth pocket dentistry. My february column what to do when gums overgrow their boundaries discussed possible etiologies of gingival hyperplasia. Mild to moderate signs of the condition can be treated by prescribed medications, following certain instructions of the dentist on diet and by adjusting some lifestyle related aspects. A case series shivanand aspalli, shirin a mulla, reetika gaddale and nagappa g department of periodontics and oral implantology, ames dental college and hospital, raichur, karnataka, india her medical history revealed epilepsy since the age of 3, controlled. Read on to learn the facts about the condition, what causes it and how it is. Regardl ess of its cause, gingival enlar gement can cause problems in controlling pl aque, chewing, teething, speech and aesthetics 1. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and prognosis. The enlarged gums are often characterized by firmness and nonpainful swelling. Mild to moderate signs of the condition can be treated by prescribed medications, following certain instructions of the dentist on diet and by adjusting some. Aug 12, 2010 a treatment protocol including careful training in oral hygiene, combined with a valid surgical technique is therefore essential to resolve the problem of localized gingival overgrowth.
Gingival hyperplasia can be a recurrent condition despite improvements in oral hygiene, professional treatment, and drug substitutions. Gingival enlargement or gingival overgrowth are the current terms for all medicationrelated gingival lesions, previously known as gingival hyperplasia or gingival hypertrophy. Low prevalence of gingival overgrowth associated to new. December 15, 2006 email to a colleague synonyms and related keywords.
Gingival enlargement may cause discomfort, interfere with speech or chewing, result in halitosis bad odour to the breath and it may look unsightly. To come up with proper care and treatment, the root cause of the problem should be established. Gingival enlargement, an abnormal growth of the periodontal tissue, is mainly associated with dental plaquerelated inflammation and drug therapy. The diagnosis of these lesions is essential for their successful management and of the patient as a whole. The clinical dental management and attempts to obtain a genetic diagnosis are described. Gingival enlargement and its treatment authorstream. Gingival overgrowth, gingival hyperplasia, gingival enlargement and gingival hypertrophy are terms that are used interchangeably and incorrectly in the literature. Early diagnosis completely rules out the possibility of surgical intervention. The initial treatment consists of gently removing all loose. Surgical management of druginduced gingival overgrowth digo. Surgical treatment of gingival overgrowth with 10 years of. The modern word for this disorder is a gingival enlargement or gingival overgrowth. Gingivectomy with carbon dioxide, yag, or diode laser is recommended for patients who have moderatetosevere gingival enlargement that does not resolve when the dose is reduced. It presents as unusual fibrotic gingival enlargement of localized or generalized extent.
Some organ transplant recipients, under medical treatment with cyclosporine, present conspicuous clinical. Low prevalence of gingival overgrowth associated to new imunossupressive protocols with cyclosporin abstract. After excluding other reasons of gingival hyperplasia it is named as idiopathic gingival hyperplasia. This is strictly a clinical description of the condition. In the conditions most pronounced form, the crowns of the teeth may be covered. Druginduced gingival overgrowth is a common finding in the modern era.
The surgical treatment is the definitive therapy of the druginduced gingival overgrowth, although the recurrence. Jul 09, 2014 the mainstay treatment for gingival hyperplasia depends on treating the underlying cause. Drugrelated gingival hyperplasia is a cutaneous condition characterized by enlargement of the gums noted during the first year of drug treatment. Idiopathic gingival hyperplasia has been described in several case reports. The incidence of cyclosporin induced gingival overgrowth varies between 2550% depending upon drug dosage, plasma concentration, duration of therapy, method of assessing gingival enlargement, underlying periodontal status, age of the patient, medical status and genetic predisposition to be responders or non responders. It is characterized by progressive enlargement of the interdental papillae as well as the marginal and attached gingival.
Several causes of gingival hyperplasia are known, and the most recognized is druginduced gingival enlargement. Druginduced gingival overgrowth confirms the key role of collagenase and integrins, membrane. In granulation tissue, the fibroblasts acquire the morphological and biochemical features of. Feb 17, 2009 laband syndrome features gingival fibromatosis, syndactily, nose and ear abnormalities, and hypoplasia of the nails and terminal phalanges. Table table2 2 gives an overview of syndrome related gingival overgrowth. Gingival hyperplasia risks, symptoms and leading causes. Crowns of teeth are often partially or completely covered by the hyperplastic gingiva forming a potential space or pocket between the gingiva and the crown where plaque is able to accumulate. The management of gingival hyperplasia on patient with orthodontic treatment hasanuddin thahir mansjur nasir deprtment of periodontic department of othodontic faculty of dentistry. Gingival hyperplasia symptoms of hyperplasia, treatment of. Recall a 5yearold male rhodesian ridgeback who was presented for evaluation of proliferative gingival enlargement and focal areas of gingival recession over most of the lateral surfaces of the maxillary canine teeth figure 1a.
Started in 1995, this collection now contains 6769 interlinked topic pages divided into a tree. Gingival enlargement can be caused by a number of factors, including inflammatory. This article revises the existing knowledge of different types of enlargements and highlights some important diagnostic. Gingival hyperplasia in acute leukemia stanford medicine 25. The proposed treatment plan was patient education, oral hygiene instructions. However due to their varied presentations, the diagnosis of these entities becomes challenging for the clinician. One of the rarest sites of extramedullary involvement is the oral cavity, with only 5% or less of all patients with aml present with gum infiltration. A treatment protocol including careful training in oral hygiene, combined with a valid surgical technique is therefore essential to resolve the problem of localized gingival overgrowth. On the cellular and molecular mechanisms of druginduced. Prescription of calcium channel blockers is relatively common, making it difficult to determine the true incidence of druginduced gingival enlargement.
Gingival hyperplasia is a medical condition in which the gums increase in size. However, if the original cause is not changed, gingival hyperplasia will return and the treatment cycle will repeat. Pdf druginduced gingival overgrowth is a common finding in the modern era. The additional use of chlorhexidine both in the initial and the maintenance therapy to ensure clinical control of plaque was also highly beneficial. Gingival hyperplasia pictures, causes, treatment, dogs. Gingival enlargement the currently accepted terminology for an increase in the size of the gingiva, is a common feature of gingival disease. Druginduced gingival hyperplasia clinical presentation.
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